Kecil tapi Merusak, Ini Fakta Soal Sesar Garsela Penyebab Gempa Bandung


 Gempa bumi Magnitudo 4,0 mengguncangkan Kabupaten Bandung serta Garut, Minggu (1/10/2020) seputar jam 21.31 WIB. Tubuh Meteorologi Klimatologi serta Geofisika (BMKG) menulis, gempa ada untuk koordinat 7,20 LS serta 107,60 BT persisnya di darat untuk jarak 21 km arah tenggara Kabupaten Bandung untuk kedalaman 5 km.

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Gempa ini dirasa di Pengalengan dengan intensif III MMI di mana guncangan dirasa seolah-olah ada truk berakhir. Beberapa masyarakat di Pengalengan pernah lari berhamburan keluar dari rumah sebab kaget karena ada guncangan yang berlangsung secara mendadak.


Guncangan dirasa di Ciparay, Majalaya, Baleendah, Soreang serta Parompong dengan intensif II MMI yang membuat beberapa benda enteng yang digantung bergoyang.


Daryono, Kabid Mitigasi Gempa Bumi serta Tsunami BMKG, Senin (2/10/2020) menjelaskan, menyaksikan posisi episenter serta kedalaman hiposenternya, gempa yang berlangsung adalah macam gempa kerak dangkal (shallow crustal earthquake) karena rutinitas Sesar Garut Selatan (Garsela).


"Sesar Garsela adalah salah satunya susunan sesar yang sangat aktif di Jawa Barat, hingga pantas diperhatikan. Kesiagaan pada ada sesar aktif ini dipandang perlu jadi perhatian seluruh pihak," kata Daryono.


Dianya menulis minimal ada banyak bukti berkaitan Sesar Garsela. Catatan BMKG semenjak 2008 ungkap, ada cluster rutinitas kegempaan/seismisitas di zone sesar ini yang memberikan indikasi jika Sesar Garsela ini adalah sesar aktif.


"Zone sesar Garsela benar-benar kerap berlangsung rutinitas gempa, tapi belum pernah ada yang magnitudonya yang melewati 5,0. Rerata gempa di zone ini kemampuannya kecil, tapi sebab benar-benar dangkal membuat guncangannya dirasa oleh warga," ucapnya.


Daryono menyebutkan, satu perihal yang pantas diperhatikan dari Sesar Garsela ialah walau magnitudonya kecil tapi sebab benar-benar dangkal karena itu bisa menghancurkan. Banyak masalah gempa kemampuan di bawah 5,0 serta memunculkan kerusakan.


"Gempa yang berpusat di Sesar Garsela sempat memacu kerusakan, yakni Gempa Rancaekek serta Nagreg 18 Juli 2017. Disamping itu beberapa rumah di Kecamatan Ibun serta Kertasari alami kerusakan. Kerusakan karena gempa berlangsung untuk bangunan Control Room Kamojang 4 punya Pertamina Geothermal Energy," ucapnya.


Bila memperhatikan cluster gempa-gempa di Garut selatan, terlihat alurnya berarah barat daya–timur laut. Susunan Sesar Garsela lajurnya memanjang dari selatan Garut ke selatan Bandung. Rutinitas gempa yang berlangsung di zone ini menguasai mempunyai proses sumber sesar geser (strike slip). Bila diambil garis lempeng, panjangnya seputar 42 km.


"Zone Sesar Garsela terdiri dari dua fragmen, yakni fragmen Rakutai serta dan Fragmen Kencana, ke-2 fragmen ini sama aktifnya," ucapnya.


Sampai sekarang ini, belum tahu pergerakan perubahan sesarnya serta berapakah magnitudo tertargetnya yang bisa dilepaskan oleh Sesar Garsela. Karena itu, Sesar Garsela jadi rintangan untuk beberapa pakar geologi gempa serta geodesi untuk mengungkapnya.


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